JWH-019 is a synthetic cannabinoid

belonging to the naphthoylindole family, chemically related to other compounds in the JWH series developed by Dr. John W.Huffman in the 1990s.

Originally created for research into the endocannabinoid system, JWH-019 has since been misused as a recreational drug and appeared in various synthetic cannabis products marketed under names like “Spice” or “K2.”

Chemical Identity and Structure

IUPAC Name: (1-Pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)(naphthalen-1-yl)methanone
Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₂₅NO Molecular Weight: 343.46 g/mol Chemical Class: Synthetic cannabinoid (naphthoylindole class) Physical Appearance: Off-white to pale yellow crystalline powder JWH-019 shares a similar structure with JWH-018, one of the most well-known synthetic cannabinoids. The key difference is the length of the alkyl side chain, which can influence binding affinity and potency at cannabinoid receptors.
Health Risks and Toxicity

Although JWH-019 was not originally developed for human use, it has been found in street-level synthetic cannabis products, where it poses serious health risks due to:
High receptor affinity leading to overdose Lack of dose control in non-pharmaceutical forms Unknown interactions with other synthetic drugs in mixtures Potential adverse effects include: Acute anxiety, panic attacks, and psychosis Tachycardia, hypertension, and chest pain Seizures and tremors Nausea, vomiting Respiratory distress Possible kidney or liver stress with chronic use No formal therapeutic applications have been approved for JWH-019, and its toxicological profile is still under investigation in many jurisdictions.
Forensic Detection and Analysis

JWH-019 is typically detected using:
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) NMR and FTIR spectroscopy for structural confirmation It may be identified during customs inspections, post-mortem toxicology reports, or in product seizures related to synthetic cannabinoids.
Legal Status

Due to its psychoactive potential and structural similarity to other controlled synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-019 is:
Schedule I substance in the United States Controlled under UK’s Misuse of Drugs Act (Class B) Regulated in the European Union, China, Japan, and Australia Monitored by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) as a novel psychoactive substance (NPS) Production, possession, or sale without proper authorization is subject to criminal penalties in most countries.
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