4-CEC (4-chloroethcathinone)

Is a synthetic cathinone and a member of the β-keto amphetamine class of designer stimulants. Marketed in some circles as a “research chemical,” it has gained attention in the novel psychoactive substance (NPS) arena. The para-chloro substitution on the phenyl ring and the ethyl side chain distinguish 4-CEC from related cathinones, potentially altering its lipophilicity, pharmacokinetics, and monoamine transporter activity. It is most commonly encountered as off-white to pale yellow crystalline powder.

Chemical Identity and Structure

IUPAC Name: 2-(ethylamino)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)propan-1-one
Common Name: 4-CEC, 4-chloroethcathinone Chemical Class: Synthetic cathinone (β-keto amphetamine) Molecular Formula: C₁₁H₁₄ClNO Molecular Weight: 219.69 g/mol Physical Form: Off-white to pale yellow crystalline solid The para-chloro group on the aromatic ring and the N-ethyl substituent on the side chain modify the basic cathinone scaffold, potentially enhancing blood–brain barrier penetration and altering drug–transporter interactions.
Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action

4-CEC is presumed to act primarily as a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (DNRI):
Dopamine transporter (DAT) blockade: Increases synaptic dopamine, contributing to euphoria, reinforcement, and psychomotor stimulation Norepinephrine transporter (NET) blockade: Elevates norepinephrine levels, driving increased alertness, cardiovascular stimulation, and heightened arousal Anecdotal reports describe a rapid onset (especially if vaporized or insufflated) with effects including increased energy, enhanced sociability, and reduced appetite. The presence of the chloro substituent may prolong receptor binding, potentially extending stimulant effects.
Toxicity and Adverse Effects

Due to its unregulated status and lack of formal studies, 4-CEC’s safety profile remains uncertain. Based on structurally related cathinones, possible adverse effects include:
Cardiovascular: tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain Neurological: anxiety, agitation, tremors, insomnia, seizures in severe overdoses Psychiatric: paranoia, panic attacks, compulsive redosing (“binge” patterns) Physical: dehydration, hyperthermia, teeth grinding (bruxism) The narrow therapeutic window means minor dose increases can precipitate serious toxicity, including acute psychosis, rhabdomyolysis, or arrhythmias.
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